Interactive doppler effect

Doppler Effect

Sound waves bunch up ahead of a mover and stretch out behind it. Drive into a siren and hear the pitch bend.

Street scene • sound rings slowed for visibility

Hold the gas. A firetruck is coming the other way.

Your speed 0 km/h
Siren distance - approaching
Pitch you heartrue pitch
lowerhigher

Hold to accelerate and to brake. Your own engine rings speed up with you. Watch the firetruck's rings pile up in front of it, then listen for the drop the instant it passes.

Why the pitch bends

Each wavefront leaves the siren from wherever the truck is at that instant. Moving toward you, every new ring starts closer, so crests reach your ear more often: higher pitch. The moment it passes, the same motion stretches them: lower pitch.

What the rings show

Rings ahead of a mover sit close together and rings behind trail apart, while each ring stays a perfect circle around the spot where it was born. Your own car draws the same pattern, and it tightens as you accelerate.

For ultrasound

Color Doppler is this exact effect in tissue. Echoes returning from blood cells moving toward the probe come back compressed to a higher frequency. The machine paints that shift as the red and blue flow map.